Malay-English Vocabulary/A
Malay-English Vocabulary.
A
a'bad (Ar.), that which has no end, an eternal future; see azal.
a-bah-a'bah (Jav.), harness.
a' bang, elder brother.
a'ban-ta'ra (Sk.), herald; see bntara.
a'bok, see habok.
a'bu, ashes.
a'chang, messenger, envoy.
a'chap, plunged deeply into water, or (a weapon) into the body.
a'char (Pers.), pickles.
a'cheh, a kind of leech; Acheen.
a'chi (Eng.), axle.
a'chu, m-nga'chu, to threaten, brandish, feint, pretend.
a'chu-an, mould, matrix, plan, model.
a'chum, m-nga'chum, to stir up hatred, irritate.
a'da (45, 50-54), to exist, be, be present, take place.
ada-kan, to bring into existence, cause, make, invent, produce.
k'a'da'an, existence, condition, characteristics.
a'da-tya, a word used to emphasize the close of a sentence.
a'da-pun (133), a punctuation word.
a'dab (Ar.), politeness, courtesy.
a'dagn, m-nga'dang, to lie in wait for, lie in ambush.
a'das ma'nis, aniseed.
a'das p-das', cummin.
'a'dat (Ar.), custom, habit.
ku'rarg 'adat, uncouth, rude.
a'dek, younger brother or sister.
a'dek ber-a'dek, to be brothers and sisters.
'a'dil (Ar.), just, fair.
k'a'di-lan, justice.
a-din'da, younger brother or sister (polite form of adek).
a'di-pa'ti (Sk.), a Javanese title.
a'di-ra'ja, di-ra'ja (Sk.), a Malay title.
a'do-hi', alas.
a'don, m-nga'don, to knead, make dough.
a'du, ber-a'du, to sleep (court language).
per-a'du-an (124), bed, bedroom, sleeping place (court language).
a'du, m-nga'du, -kan, to cause a fight, a contest or a dispute, make a complaint.
png-a'du-an (124), complaint, accusation.
‘a'fi-at (Ar.), good health.
a'fi-un (Ar.), opium; also apiun.
a'gak, to guess, conjecture, estimate. Cf. gamak.
a-ga'ma (Sk.), a religion. Also pronounced igama and
ugama. a-ga'ma Is'lam, the Mohammedan religion.
a'gar, in order that, so that.
a'gar ja'ngan, lest.
a-gar-a'gar, a seaweed and the jelly made therefrom.
a'gas, sandfly.
a'gong (Jav.), great, in certain phrases, as:
ti'ang a'gong, mainmast.
a'had (Ar., first), Sunday; usually ha'ri ahad; see hari.
a'hal, ah'lu (Ar.), people.
ali'lu 'n-nu'jum, astrologers.
ah'li (Ar.), familiar with, accustomed to.
ah'mak (Ar.), foolish, stupid.
ah'wal, or ih'wal (Ar.), plural of hal, q.v.
’a'‘ib (Ar.), disgrace, shame; disgraceful, despicable.
’a'‘ib-kan, to despise.
Ai-ro'pa, Europe; also Iropah.
’a-ja'‘ib (Ar.), wonder, marvel; wonderful, marvelous.
a'jak, m-nga'jak, to persuade, incite, invite, urge a person to accompany one = (B.) ajat.
a'jal (Ar.), destiny, term of life.
a'jar, m-nga'jar, -kan, -i, to teach, chastise, preach (X.).
b-la'jar (98), to learn.
p-la'ja-ran (124), lesson, the thing taught.
p-nga'jar (121), a teacher, preacher (X.).
p-rga'ja-ran (124), instruction, doctrine.
a'ji, m-nga'ji (103), to read, learn to read, especially the Koran.
a'jok, m-nga'jok, to mimic, ridicule.
‘a'kal (Ar.), understanding, intelligence, reason; the mind.
‘a'kal bu'di, intelligence.
ber‘a'kal (114), intelligent, intellectual, sensible.
a'kan (45, 148, 150), to, for, in order to, shall, will.
ta’a'kan, will not, it cannot be that―.
a'ka-nim' (Ar.), persons of the Trinity (X.); plural of uiknum.
a'kar, root, a generic term for climbing plants. See also banir, jargkang, tunjang.
akh'bar (Ar. plural of khabar), news, a newspaper.
a'khir (Ar.), the end, the last; last, final.
a'khir-nya, the end of it, at last.
a'khi-rat (Ar.), the future life, eternity.
dun'ia a'khi-rat, in this world and the next, for all time.
ak-sa'ra (Sk.), a letter (of the alphabet). See huruf.
m-nga'ku, -i (103), to confess, avow, guarantee, undertake to do a thing.
p-nga'ku-an, confession, creed (X.).
a-la-bang'ka (Port.), crowbar.
a'lah, to lose in a conflict, suffer defeat; also kalah (B.).
a'lah-kan, to defeat, subdue.
‘a-la'i-hi' (Ar.), unto him.
'a'lam (Ar.), the universe, the world.
'a'lam bar-zakh', Hades, the abode of departed spirits.
a'lang, transverse, across.
a-la'ngan, bar, sand bank at the mouth of a river.
pa'lang, cross bar, transverse beam. Cf. malang.
a'lang, usually a-lang-a'lang, k-pa'lang or a'lang k-pa'lang, insignificant, of slight extent or degree, of no account.
a'lang-kah, is it a small thing? an emphatic interrogation, as a'lang-kah ba'ik, would it not be good?
a'lap, m-nga'lap, to gather fruit by cutting with a knife on the end of a pole. Cf. jolok.
a'las (164), that which is placed under anything, lining, foundation.
a'las-kan, to line, put something under.
a'lat, apparatus, instruments, equipment, weapons. Cf. perkakas.
a'leh, ber-a'leh, to change one's position, move (intrans.).
a'leh-kan, to remove, shift.
a-li-a'li, a sling. Cf. lsing.
a'li-hah (Ar.), gods; plural of ilah.
‘a'lim (Ar.), learned, scholarly, well informed.
al-ke'sah (Ar.) (133), punctuation word.
Al-ku'dus (Ar.), the holy.
Roh Al-ku'dus, the Holy Ghost.
Al'lah (Ar.), God.
al-ma'ri (Port.), an almeirah, wardrobe.
Al-ma'seh (Ar.), the Messiah, Christ.
al'pa (Sk.), neglect. Also l'pa.
al' pa-kan, to neglect.
a'lu, m-nga'lu-kan and m-nga-lu-nga'-lu-kan, to go to meet or receive a person.
a'lu (Jav.), a pestle for husking rice; usually antan.
a'lun, large waves, a swell; see ombak and glombang.
a-lun-alun (Jav.), courtyard, open space before a house. Usually hlaman.
a'lur, a channel, groove, watercourse.
a'lu-ran, canal, ditch.
al'wat (Ar.), aloes-wood; usually gharu.
a'mah, a Chinese nurse.
‘a'mal (Ar.), deed, action; good works, meritorious action.
a'man (Ar.), peace, security.
a-ma'nat (Ar.), trustworthy; fidelity, trust, trustee. Sometimes pronounced umanat.
a-ma'nat-kan, to entrust.
a'marg, m-nga'mang, to threaten. Cf. ugot and gertak.
a-ma'rah, anger; see marah.
a-mas', gold; see ’mas.
a'mat, very.
m-nga-mat-a'ma-ti,' to give special attention to, watch very closely.
am'bang, the upper and lower beams of a door frame. Cf. jnang.
‘am'bar (At. ‘anbar), amber. am'bil, m-ngam'bil (55), to take, fetch.
am'bil a'ngin = ma'kan a'ngin, to go for an airing or pleasure excursion.
m-ngam'bil ha'ti o'rarg, to gain people's affections.
am'bin, a scarf or band for securing burdens carried on the back.
am-bo'i, oh! exclamation of astonishment.
am'bol, m-ngam'bol, to rebound. Cf. anjal.
am-bong-am'bong, a plant, the pith of which is used for lamp wicks.
ambun, see mbun.
a'min (Ar.), amen; true, faithful.
a'mir (Ar.), chief, commander.
a'mok, m-nga'mok, a frenzied assault; to attack furiously, “run amuck.”
am'pat, or ’m'-pat (29-35), four
am'pat b-las', fourteen.
am'pat per-s-gi' or am'pat per-sa'gi, square.
am'pat pu'loh, forty.
k'am'pat, all four.
s-per-am'pat, a quarter.
yang k'am'pat, the fourth.
am'pu, m-ngam'-pu, to hold in the hands, govern, rule over, support, sustain.
am'pun, m-ngam'-pun, -kan, -i, pardon, forgiveness; to forgive, pardon.
k'am'pu-nan, forgiveness.
am-punya, to possess, own.
a-nai-a'nai, the white ant; see smut puteh.
a'nak, child, the smaller part of a thing, the young of animals and plants.
a'nak A'dam, children of Adam, the human race.
a-nak-a'na-kan, a doll.
a'nak ang'kat, adopted child.
a'nak a'yam, chicken.
a'nak a'yer, a small stream.
a'nak bi'ni, family.
a'nak boty'su, youngest child.
a'nak bu'ah, the dependants of a Malay chief.
a'nak chu'chu, descendants.
a'nak da'ra, virgin.
a'nak da'yong, oarsman, rower.
a'nak km'bar, twins.
a'nak kun'chi, key.
a'nak la-ki-la'ki, boy.
a'nak li'dah, the uvula.
a'nak mu'rid,v a pupil.
a'nak neg'ri, native of a country.
a'nak pa'nah, arrow.
a'nak pi-a'tu, orphan.
a'nak p-ra'hu, boatmen, sailors.
a'nak p-rem'pu-an, girl.
a'nak ra'ja, prince.
a'nak ro'da, spokes of a wheel.
a'nak sau-da'ra, nephew, niece.
a'nak su'long, first-born.
a'nak su'ngai, tributary stream.
a'nak tang'ga, steps of a ladder.
a'nak tiri, step-child.
a'nak tung'gal, only child.
a'nak ya'tim, an orphan.
ber-a'nak, to have children, bear children.
ber-a'nak-kan (117), to bring
forth, to beget.
per-a'na-kan, native, native born.
ka'nak-ka'nak, infant.
a-nam' or ’nam', six. For derived forms see ampat.
ananas, see nanas.
an'bi-a (Ar.), prophets; plural of nabi.
an'chak, a plate or basket of bamboo in which offerings to the spirits are placed = (B.) lanchak.
bu-ang' an'chak, to put out offerings.
an'dam. m-ngan'dam (Pers.), to dress arrange (hair); fringe.
an'dang, torch of dry coco-nut leaves.
an-de'ka (Jav.), you, pronoun of the 2nd person, used in addressing superiors.
aneka, see anika.
a-ngan-a'ngan, thoughts, meditations, unsatisfied desires.
a-ngan-a'ngan ha'ti, conscience (X.).
ang'gal, light, buoyant, high in the water (of a ship).
ang'gok, m-ngang'gok, to nod or bow the head.
ang'gor, the grape vine.
ang-go'ta (Sk.), a member, limb, part of the body.
ang'grek, orchid.
a'ngin, wind.
am'bil a'ngin, see ambil.
cha'kap a'ngin, empty talk.
di a'tas a'ngin, windward, westtern lands.
di ba'wah a'ngin, leeward, Malayan lands.
ma'kan a'ngin, see ambil.
ma'ta a'ngin, the points of the compass.
po'kok a'ngin, a storm cloud.
a'ngin-kan, to dry in the air.
ang'ka (Sk.), a figure, arithmetical symbol.
ang'ka du'a, the figure two, sign of reduplication.
ang-ka'ra (Sk.), perverse, violent.
ang-ka'sa (Sk.), the sky, the heavens.
ang'kat, m-ngang'kat, -kan (55, 63), to lift up, raise.
ang'kat a'nak, to adopt a child.
a'nak ang'kat, adopted child.
ber-ang'kat, to depart.
ang'ka-tan, expedition, fleet of ships, caravan.
mang'kat, to die (court language).
pang'kat, stage, platform, tier, rank, position.
aig'kau or 'ng'kau (6, 8, 10), thou, thee, you.
ang'kop, tweezers, small pincers.
ang'kut, m-iyaiy'kut, to fetch and carry, carry piece by piece.
ang'sa (Sk.), goose.
an-ia'ya (Sk.), tyranny; see anyaya.
a-ni'ka (Sk.), of various sorts, all kinds of; also aneka.
an'jal, m-ngan'jal, to resist penetration, resist or throw back a weapon, cause to rebound. Cf. ambol.
an'jing, dog.
an'jong, a raised hall or verandah, cabins in the poop of a ship.
m-ngan'jong la-yang-la'yang, to throw a kite up in the air.
p-ngan'jur, one who precedes, a guide.
an'sur, ber-an'sur, to progress.
ber-an'sur-an'sur, gradually.
an'tan, pestle of a mortar.
an-ta'ra (Sk.), between, among; an interval of time or space.
p-ngan-ta'ra, a go-between, mediator (X.).
s-man-ta'ra, while, whilst, daring.
an-te'ro (Port.), the whole, all, entire.
an-ting-an'ting, ear-drops.
an't-las or at'las (Ar.), satin.
an'tok, m-ngan'tok (103), to doze, sleep.
an'tok, ber-an'tok, to collide, strike against.
ba'tu ter-an'tok, stumbling block (X.).
a'nu, a certain (person or place).
si-a'nu, Mr. so-and-so.
a-nu'g-rah (Sk.), favour, grace, the gift of superior to an inferior. Sometimes nugralia.
a-nu'g-rah-kan (149), to give (to inferiors), bestow a favour.
a'nyam, m-nga'nyam, to plait, interlace (as basket work). Cf. slampet.
an-ya'ya (Sk.), tyranny, persecution, oppression.
a'nyut, drifting; see hanyut.
a-pa-a'pa, whatever.
a-pa-bi'la, when.
a'pa fa'sal, why?
a'pa gu'na, what is the use?
a-pa-ka'la, when.
a'pa-lah, prithee, if you please.
a'pa ma'cham (19). what kind of?
a'pa s-bab', why?
ba-rarg-a'pa, whatever.
ti-dak a'pa, it is nothing, never mind.
b-b-ra'pa, some, several : however much (144).
b-ra'pa, how much, how many, however much or many (indefinite number).
s-b-ra'pa, as many as, as much as.
b-ta'pa, how? why?
k-na'pa, why?
m-nga'pa, why?
si-a'pa (18, 19), who?
ba'rang si-a'pa, whoever.
p-nga'pa-kan, to do something to a person.
a'pam (Tarn.), a thin cake made with flour.
a'pi, fire.
a-pi-a'pi, the generic name for several kinds of trees.
ba'ra a'pi, embers.
bu'nga a'pi, sparks, fireworks.
gu'nong a'pi, volcano.
ka'pal a'pi, steamship.
ka'yu a'pi, firewood.
k-re'ta a'pi, locomotive engine, railway.
p-ri'ok a'pi, bomb.
di-ma'kan a'pi, consumed by fire.
a'pil (Eng.), appeal.
a'pit, m-nga'pit, to press, nip, squeeze.
ber-a'pit, close together, in pairs.
p-nga'pit, a pinch of anything; (as snuff).
a'pi-tan, a press for printing, or for extracting the juice of sugar-cane, etc.
a'pi-un, opium; see afiun.
a'pong, driftwood; to drift.
a'ra, trees of the genus fig.
‘A'rab (Ar.), Arabic, Arabian.
a'rah, towards, in the direction of.
a'rak (Ar.), spirituous liquors, arrack.
a'rak, ber-a'rak, to march in procession.
per-a'ra-kan, state carriage, processional car, procession.
a'rang, charcoal.
a'rang ba'tu, coal.
a'rarg di mu'ka, disgrace.
b-narg' a'rarg, chalk line.
ka'yu a'rang, ebony.
‘a'rash (Ar.), throne (of God); also ‘arsh.
‘a'rif (Ar.), intelligent, well-informed, cultured.
ar'ki-an (133), then, thereupon. Also arakian.
a'rong, m-nga'rong, to wade, ford a river, cross a sea or strait.
‘arsh' (Ar.), throne (of God).
ar'ta (Sk.), property; see herta.
ar'ti or er'ti (Sk.), meaning, signification.
ar'ti-nya, that is to say.
m-nger'ti (103), to understand, comprehend.
m-nger'ti-kan, to explain, give the meaning.
p-rger'ti-an, understanding, intellect, intelligence, sense.
a'rus, current, tide; see harus.
ar'wah (Ar. plural of roh), the spirits of the dead, feasts in honour of the dead.
a-sa' or sa', one; see satu.
da'lam s-pu'loh a-sa', one in ten, a tithe.
a'sa-kan, to unite, make one.
a'sa (Sk.), hope. Also see asal.
pu'tus a'sa, hopeless.
a'sah, m-nga'sah, to grind, whet, sharpen. Cf. kilir.
ba'tu a'sah, whetstone.
a'sak, m-nga'sak, to fill tightly (as a bag), ram in, press (as in a crowd).
a'sal (Ar.), origin.
a'sal-u'sul, descent, origin, genealogy.
a'sal, if, provided that; also a'sal-kan, and sometimes asa.
a'sal ja'ngan, lest.
a'sam, acid, sour; also masam.
limau a'sam, the lime fruit.
a'sap, smoke.
‘a'shik (Ar.), in love, enamoured; love, passion.
a'sin (adj.), salt, saline; also masin.
a'sing, separate, apart, distinct, foreign, private.
o'rarg a'sing, a stranger.
neg'ri a'sirg, a foreign country.
a'sirg-kan, to separate, set.
apart.
a'soh, m-nga'soh, to nurse, take care of children.
p-nga'soh, a nurse.
a'su, dog, in the expression gigi a'su, canine teeth.
a'sut, m-nga'sut, to incite, stir up, instigate; (B.) usut, q.v.
a'su-tan, instigate.
a'tap gn'ting, a tile roof.
a'tas, on (27), above, over, against (150).
di a'tas a'ngin, windward, western lands.
a'tau (Sk. atawa), or.
a'tla-mat (Ar.), greatness, power; great, mighty.
at'las (Ar.), satin.
a'tur, m-nga'tur, -kan, to arrange, put in order.
a'tu-ran (125), arrangement.
a'um, m-nga'um, roar (as a tiger).
a'ur, several kinds of large bamboos.
a'wak, thou, you.
a'wal (Ar.), first; commencement, beginning.
a'wan, cloud.
a'wat (Penang), why.
a'yah, father. Usually bapa.
a'yah-n'da, father (polite form).
a'yak, m-nga'ya'k, to sift.
a'ya-kan, a sieve.
a'yam, a generic name for fowls.
a'yam b-lan'da, a turkey.
a'yam hu'tan, jungle fowl.
a'yam i'tek, poultry.
a'yam jan'tan, cock.
a'yam km-bi'ri, a capon.
a'yam mu-ti-a'ra, guinea fowl.
a'yam sa'bong, a fighting cock.
a'nak a'yam, chicken.
gom-ba'la a'yam, one who tends poultry.
layer bu'lu a'yam, latteen sail.
a'ya-pan, food, eatables (court language).
a'yat (Ar.), verse of the Koran, or of the Bible (X.).
a'yer, water, liquid, juice.
a'yer ang'gor, wine.
a'yer a'pi, strong acids.
a'yer bah', a flood, inundation.
a'yer b-ku', a'yer ba'tu, ice.
a'yer di'deh, whey.
a'yer gu'la, molasses, sirup.
a'yer kan'ji, gruel, rice water.
a'yer k-ras', spirituous liquors.
a'yer ma'du, honey.
a'yer man'di, bathing water.
a'yer ’mas', gilding.
a'yer ma'ta, tears.
a'yer ma'war, rose water.
a'yer mi'num, drinking water.
a'yer mu'ka, complexion, expression of the face.
a'yer pa'sang, flood tide.
a'yer sm-bah'yang, water for religious ablutions.
a'yer su-rut', ebb tide.
a'yer ta'war, fresh water.
a'yer teh', tea.
a'yer ter'jun, waterfall.
bu-ang' a'yer, to ease oneself; see buang.
ma'ta a'yer, spring.
ta'nah a'yer, one's native land.
a'yun, ber-a'yun, to swing, rock, oscillate.
a'yu-nan, a rocking cradle, swing.
a'zal (Ar.), that which had no beginning, an eternal past. Cf. abad.
‘a'zi-mat (Ar.), charm, spell, amulet. Also tangkal.