basket there? Yes, he did. 6 Is the baker here? Yes. 7 Can you get potatoes and other vegetables in this village? Yes. 8 Do you live on this hill? Yes. 9 Are you afraid? Yes, I am, sir. 10 Which is the man who was bathing just now? 11 Did you call a barber? Yes, I did.
LESSON XII.
Negative Auxiliaries, and the general use of Negatives.
63. The negatives in Malay are:
tidak and bukan, no, not, and blum, not yet.
Ta’, is merely an abbreviation of tidak, and is used in such cominon expressions as, ta’boleh, ta’dapat, ta’baik, ta’jadi; ta’guna, etc.
64. The negative auxiliaries are, tiada, is not, and jangan, do not, not to, lest.
Tiada, which is itself a contraetion of tidak ada, is further contracted in conversation to t’ada.
65. Europeans, being accustomed to only one form of negative, experience some difficulty in distinguishing between the five negatives mentioned above, and grammarians have seldom if ever made any careful distinction between them. Malays themselves, even in composition, are not absolutely consistent in the use of the negatives, but the following rules will be found to be generally applicable.
66. In replying to a question containing a verb, the direct negative is expressed by tidak. When there is an auxiliary verb in the question, it is usually repeated in the answer, and the negative tidak is then contracted to ta’, as,
boleh-kah angkan datang? can you come?
ta’ boleh, no, I can not.
67. Similarly a large number of verbs may be repeated in combination with the abbreviated negative ta’ in order to express a reply in the negative, amongst which may be mentioned the following:—ada, suka, jadi, nampak, datang, tahu, knal, masok, sampai, tahan, trima, laku, champur, jumpa, kna, dngar, etc. Examples:
tuan ada? is the master here?
tidak ada or t’ada, no.
