56 THE CHIEF PARTS OF SPEECH is more commonly necessary than one of indefinite plurality. Thus, for example, in the phrase ada orang di-luar there are persons without, the word orang requires no plural sign, but on the contrary in the phrase ada sa-orang di-luar there is a person without, the numeral of unity is indis- pensable. It is safer on the evidence to say that the indefinite rather than the plural is expressed. Number therefore is determined: (a) by context. () by reduplication to form an indefinite plural with variety in it, § 63. (c) by the employment of words like banyak many, sedikit few, sěmua, sěgala all, and of numerals and their coefficients. §30. Without inflexion, the substantive can, and in con- versation commonly does, have its case determined by context alone; though the prepositions indicated in brackets are employed in literary Malay: pukul budak beal a child, baju budak the coat of a child; běri (ka-pada) budak give (to) a child; pulang (ka-) něgĕri return (to) one's country chawan (dari-pada) čmas a cup (made) of gold; jaga tidur awake from sleep; sapu (děngan) kain wipe with a cloth; di-timpah (oleh) halilintar struck by lightning; dudok (di-) rumah sit in one's house; datang (pada) hari csok come on the morrow. Derivative nouns may be traced in the table in § 43, and are dealt with under chapter vi. (B) THE ADJECTIVE § 31. It may be noted that nouns denoting material and nous denoting place may be used as adjectives: batil perak a bowl of silver; lantai buloh a floor of bamboo; tčnun Kelantan Kelantan wearing; buatan China Chinese workmanship.
